Download Nutrition and the Welfare of Farm Animals by Clive J. C. Phillips PDF
By Clive J. C. Phillips
This e-book explores the significance of fine food in making sure an enough average of welfare for livestock. it is usually now not discovered that cattle can undergo after they are fed incorrect diets, that may be simply because those diets are extra fiscal or the farmer doesn't know the way to rectify bad nutrients. This e-book unearths easy methods to realize and care for feeding difficulties in cattle, whilst the animal’s behaviour is indicating a deficiency, via oral stereotypies for instance. Feeding farm animals in emergency events can current exact demanding situations, and the provision of unpolluted and potable water, one of many crucial elements of lifestyles, can be an unrecognized challenge for plenty of cattle. Feeding cattle successfully isn't well-known for the key welfare factor that it's. We may perhaps imagine that animals in in depth husbandry stipulations have sufficient feed, but it is usually too centred and designed essentially to right away maximize creation from the animals, within the type of progress, milk yield or replica. In wide rangeland stipulations enough feed provide additionally can't be guaranteed, in all probability resulting in undernutrition with severe outcomes for the wellbeing and fitness or even survival of cattle. This booklet will offer a much-needed overview of the relationships among nutrients and the welfare of farm animals.
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Extra info for Nutrition and the Welfare of Farm Animals
Sample text
Kruse (1999) suggests that males support a primarily Darwinian view of animals, in which the natural world is exploited and controlled, whereas females have primarily a romantic view of animals with greater affection for them and concern for their ethical treatment. The cultural differences in attitudes to animal welfare appear to relate primarily to regions of the world, rather than nationhood or ethnic group (Phillips et al. 2012). Eastern Mediterranean countries appear to have particularly high levels of concern compared with other Eurasian regions, perhaps because of the favourable climate for crop production and classical culture.
However, there is other evidence of female dominance in animal welfare concerns. Members of animal rights activist organizations are predominantly female, at least in North America (Einwohner 1999) and Eurasia (Phillips and Izmirli 2012), and more women than men are vegetarians (Neumark-Sztainer et al. 1997; Phillips et al. 2011). Females tend to characterize meat and meat-eating experiences negatively, and red meat-eating in particular is more common among males than females (Beardsworth and Bryman 1999; Kubberød et al.
Other methods such as CPP and CPA can be useful tools in animal welfare assessment because they allow measurement of the reinforcing properties of a stimulus in extinction. Dixon et al. (2011) used CPP/CPA techniques in a series of experiments with broiler breeders to determine the best methodology for establishing CPP/CPA. The experiments showed, however, a number of methodological issues (especially strong preferences for environments birds were not housed in immediately before the test) that restricted the suitability of these tests for the quantitative welfare assessment of chronically food-restricted birds (Dixon et al.