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By A. Wolf, F. Dannemann, A. Armitage, Douglas McKie
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Sample text
Of the mast. [It is noteworthy that Tycho Brahe had denied this* in his Epist. ] If there is a slight deviation in the fall of the st$ne in the case of the moving ship, this deviation will be due to t ie resistance of the air. For, in relation to the moving ship, the is at rest, whereas in the case of the stationary ship the mast, the stone, and the air share equally in the rotatory motion of the Earth, and therefore the air through which the stone falls will not in this case affect the direction of its fall.
When a nail was so placed as to intercept the thread at F, the arc described was changed to BJ. Thus in all cases (allowing for the resistance of the air and of the thread) the pendulum rose to the level CD, though the actual path was varied. Similarly, on the return swing the pendulum always rose to C approximately, whether it began its return journey from D or G. The one thing that mattered appeared to be the height from which the pendulum fell (C, D, or G), not the nature of the arc, etc. PENDULAR OSCILLATIONS Another difficulty which Galilei encountered in his dynamic researches was that of eliminating the resistance.
Even after swinging to and fro Illustr. — Isochronism of Pendular a great many times, no Oscillations appreciable difference be tween their motions was observable. It appeared, therefore, that the resistance o f the medium played no appreciable role in the case of pendular oscillation. This fact led Galilei to pay special attention to pendulum experiments. One of the results o f these experiments was the confirmation of his early observation in the Cathedral at Pisa, namely, that a swing of the same pendulum takes the same time, to all appearance, no matter how wide or how narrow the sweep o f the swing may be.